Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-01-21 Origin: Site
In hyperscale data centers, natural cooling air coolers (free-cooling / dry coolers) are designed to operate over wide temperature ranges to maximize annual free-cooling hours and system resilience.
1. Cooling Water / Coolant Temperatures
Supply water temperature: 18–40 °C
Return water temperature: 25–50 °C
Higher supply temperatures significantly increase free-cooling availability and reduce or eliminate chiller operation.
2. Ambient Air Temperature
Design operating range: –30 °C to +45 °C
Cold-climate operation supports full free cooling most of the year.
High-temperature capability ensures safe operation during peak summer conditions.
3. Glycol Systems (Cold Climate Protection)
With glycol mixtures, systems can reliably operate down to –30 °C or lower without freezing, maintaining stable heat rejection.
AI / HPC liquid cooling:
Supply water temperatures of 30–40 °C are common, enabling near-year-round free cooling in many regions.
Rear Door Heat Exchangers (RDHx):
Typical return water temperatures range from 35–45 °C, well suited for dry coolers.
Hybrid or adiabatic systems:
In hot climates, adiabatic assistance can extend effective operation beyond +40 °C ambient.
Wider temperature tolerance = more free-cooling hours
Higher water temperatures = lower PUE
Broad ambient capability = global hyperscale deployment
In summary, modern natural cooling air coolers for hyperscale data centers are engineered to handle –30 °C to +45 °C ambient conditions and 18–50 °C water temperatures, supporting efficient, resilient, and scalable data center cooling.
