Precision Air Conditioning System for Data Management System

Precision air‑conditioning (PAC) for data management systems is a specialized cooling system designed to maintain stable temperature, humidity, air cleanliness for servers, storage and network hardware. Unlike comfort‑type commercial AC, it handles continuous 24/7‑365 high‑heat‑load operation inside data halls.

Main Cooling / Air‑Supply Modes

In‑Row Cooling (In‑Row PAC)

Units are installed between server racks.

Hot‑aisle exhaust: draws hot air directly from rack hot aisle, discharges cold air into cold aisle. Short air path, low air loss, ideal for high‑density AI server racks.

Cold‑aisle exhaust: blows cold air towards cold aisle; less popular for high‑power density.

Downflow / Under‑floor supply (Traditional rack‑mount PAC)

Cold air blows down into raised floor plenum, supplies cold air to racks via floor grilles; hot air returns to top of unit. Widely used in legacy medium‑density data rooms.

Upflow / Ceiling return

Cold air supplied upward, hot air collected by ceiling return plenum. Applied when no raised floor is available.

In‑rack cooling

Cooling modules embedded inside server racks; ultra‑short airflow for extreme high‑density heat load.

Key Technical Features

24×365 non‑stop running capability

Precise temperature & humidity control (temperature ±1℃, humidity ±3~5%RH)

Multiple refrigeration options: direct expansion(DX), chilled‑water, glycol‑water free‑cooling

High sensible heat ratio: data equipment generates mostly sensible heat, little latent moisture load

Redundant fans, compressors, power supply for high availability

Air filter to control dust ingress, protect electronics

Difference vs Comfort Air‑Conditioner