Air Cooling System for Grain Storage Facility

Air Cooling System for Grain Storage Facility

Grain (wheat, corn, rice, soybeans, etc.) is a living commodity that generates heat through respiration (even after harvest) and absorbs moisture from the air. Without proper cooling:

Heat buildup: Raises grain temperature, accelerating respiration and creating "hot spots" that attract insects (e.g., weevils) and mold (e.g., Aspergillus, which produces harmful mycotoxins).

Moisture absorption: Causes grain to clump, spoil, or germinate prematurely.

Quality loss: Reduces market value (e.g., downgraded grain for baking or animal feed) and poses food safety risks.

The goal of air cooling is to keep grain at 10–15°C (50–59°F) (long-term storage) and 60–70% relative humidity (RH)—conditions that slow respiration, inhibit pests, and prevent moisture-related damage.

Benefits of a Well-Designed Air Cooling System

Reduces Spoilage: Typical spoilage rates drop from 5–10% (no cooling) to <1% (with cooling).

Preserves Quality: Maintains grain color, taste, and germination rate (critical for seed or food-grade grain).

Lowers Pest Control Costs: Cool temperatures ( <15°C) inhibit insect reproduction, reducing the need for chemical fumigants.

Extends Storage Life: Grain can be stored for 6–12 months (FAC) or 1–2 years (MRAC), allowing farmers to sell at higher market prices (e.g., waiting for off-season demand).