Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-06-16 Origin: Site
mushroom-specific air handling unit (AHU) for containerized cultivation is an all‑in‑one climate system integrating cooling/heating, humidification/dehumidification, CO₂ regulation, air filtration, and smart control. It’s purpose‑built to maintain stable temperature, humidity, CO₂, and air purity inside insulated shipping containers, enabling year‑round, high‑density edible mushroom farming (e.g., oyster, button, shiitake, enoki) with minimal energy use and contamination risk.
Mushrooms require precise “temp–RH–CO₂–air change” balance across growth stages (spawn run → pinning → fruiting). The AHU maintains:
Parameter | Typical Range | Control Precision | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
Temperature | 12–20°C (species‑dependent) | ±0.5°C | Mycelium: 22–26°C; Fruiting: 12–18°C |
Relative Humidity (RH) | 85–95% (fruiting) | ±3% | Prevent drying/cracking; primordia formation |
CO₂ Concentration | 500–1,500 ppm | ±100 ppm | <1,000 ppm for fruiting; >2,000 ppm causes stipes elongation |
Air Changes | 1–2 vol/h | Variable | Remove CO₂; supply O₂; avoid stale air |
Air Filtration | G4+F8/HEPA | 99.97% @ 0.3 μm | Block mold spores/bacteria; reduce contamination |
Containerized mushroom AHUs are compact, skid‑mounted, or rooftop‑installed for 20ft/40ft insulated containers. They consist of:
2.1 Refrigeration & Heating Section
Compressor: Hermetic scroll (R410A/R407C/R22), 30–85 kW cooling capacity; heat‑pump design for heating (5–35°C ambient).
Evaporator/Coil: Large‑surface finned coil for high latent heat transfer (humidity control).
Condenser: Air‑cooled (standard) or water‑cooled (high‑humid regions); low‑noise fans.
2.2 Humidity Control
Humidification: Ultrasonic (2.8 L/h+), high‑pressure spray, or steam; maintains 85–95% RH.
Dehumidification: Cooling coil condensation + reheat; prevents waterlogging.
2.3 Ventilation & Filtration
Supply/Return Fans: High‑static centrifugal fans (3,000–30,000 m³/h) for uniform air distribution in stacked racks.
Fresh Air Damper: Modulates to control CO₂; mixes fresh air with return air (10–30% fresh).
Filtration: G4 pre‑filter → F8 medium filter → HEPA (optional); eliminates spores/bacteria.
2.4 Smart Control System
Sensors: Temp/RH/CO₂/air quality sensors (real‑time monitoring).
Controller: PLC + HMI; pre‑programmed species profiles (oyster, button, shiitake).
Connectivity: 4G/Wi‑Fi; mobile APP/PC remote monitoring & adjustment.
Alarms: High/low temp/RH/CO₂; filter replacement; fault diagnostics.
Containerized Integration & Layout
3.1 Container Specs
Size: 20ft (14–18 m²) / 40ft (28–36 m²)
Insulation: 50–75 mm PU panels (U‑value ≤0.3 W/m²·K)
Racks: 3–5 tier vertical growing racks (high density)
3.2 AHU Installation Options
Rooftop Mount: AHU sits on container roof; ducted supply/return inside (saves floor space).
End‑Mount: AHU attached to one end; direct discharge into container (simpler ducting).
Side‑Mount: Slim AHU on container side; ideal for narrow layouts.
3.3 Air Distribution
Supply: Perforated ducting along ceiling; downward airflow (0.3–0.5 m/s)
Return: Low‑level return vents; minimizes dead zones
Uniformity: ±1°C / ±5% RH across all racks
4. Species‑Specific Operation Modes
4.1 Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus)
Spawn Run: 24–26°C, 70–80% RH, CO₂ <2,000 ppm
Fruiting: 16–20°C, 85–95% RH, CO₂ 500–1,000 ppm
4.2 Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
Spawn Run: 22–24°C, 75–85% RH
Fruiting: 14–17°C, 90–95% RH, CO₂ <800 ppm
4.3 Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
Spawn Run: 22–25°C, 70–80% RH
Fruiting: 12–16°C, 85–95% RH, CO₂ <1,000 ppm
4.4 Enoki (Flammulina velutipes)
Spawn Run: 20–22°C
Fruiting: 8–12°C, 90–95% RH (low‑temp specialist)
Container | Recommended AHU Capacity | Suitable Mushrooms | Est. Yield/Year |
|---|---|---|---|
20ft | 30–45 kW | Oyster, enoki, small‑batch shiitake | 2–4 tons |
40ft | 60–85 kW | Button, shiitake, high‑volume oyster | 5–10 tons |
